Sand rivers

Belemtougri, A., R. Yonaba, C.I. Michailovsky, T. Stigter, L.A. Mounirou and P. van der Zaag, 2026. Where rivers sleep: mapping ephemeral sand rivers in the West African Sahel. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment 41, 101838 [doi:10.1016/j.rsase.2025.101838] [OPEN ACCESS]

Prasad, P., A. Duker, D.Z. Velasquez, M. Chauruka, B.M. Karimba, C. de Fraiture, E. Manzungu and P. van der Zaag, 2024. From few large to many small investments: lessons for adaptive irrigation development in an uncertain world. Frontiers in Water 6, 1296262 [doi:10.3389/frwa.2024.1296262] [OPEN ACCESS]

Chauruka, M., A. Duker, P. Prasad and P. van der Zaag, 2023. Endogenous irrigation in arid Zimbabwe: farmer perceptions of livelihood benefits and barriers to scaling. Water SA 49(4), 355–362. [doi:10.17159/wsa/2023.v49.i4.4031] [OPEN ACCESS]

Duker, A.E.C., S. Maseko, M.A. Moyo, B.M Karimba, A. Bolding, P. Prasad, C. de Fraiture and P. van der Zaag, 2023. The changing faces of farmer-led irrigation: Lessons from dynamic irrigation trajectories in Kenya and Zimbabwe. Journal of Development Studies [doi:10.1080/00220388.2023.2204176] [OPEN ACCESS]

Prasad, P., A. Duker, C. de Fraiture and P. van der Zaag, 2023. Irrigation development under uncertainty: a call for adaptive investment pathways. Environmental Science and Policy 140, 104–110 [doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2022.11.017] [OPEN ACCESS]

Duker A.E.C., B. Mutuma Karimba, G.E. Wani, P. Prasad, P. van der Zaag and C. de Fraiture C., 2022. Security in flexibility: accessing land and water for irrigation in Kenya’s changing rural environment. Cahiers Agricultures 31,7 [doi:10.1051/cagri/2022003] [OPEN ACCESS]

Karimba, B. M., A. Duker, P. Prasad, P. Karimi, C. de Fraiture and P. van der Zaag, 2022. Irrigation on the move: How transient farming partnerships facilitate the expansion of smallholder irrigation along ephemeral rivers in dryland areas of Kenya. Agricultural Water Management 265, 107526 [doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107526] [OPEN ACCESS]

Duker, A.E.C., T.A. Mawoyo, A. Bolding, C. de Fraiture and P. van der Zaag, 2020. Shifting or drifting? The crisis-driven advancement and failure of private smallholder irrigation from sand river aquifers in arid Zimbabwe. Agricultural Water Management 241, 106342 [doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106342] [OPEN ACCESS]

Duker, A., C. Cambaza, P. Saveca, S. Ponguane, T.A. Mawoyo, M. Hulshof, L. Nkomo, S. Hussey, B. Van den Pol, R. Vuik, T. Stigter and P. van der Zaag, 2020. Using nature-based water storage for smallholder irrigated agriculture in African drylands: Lessons from frugal innovation pilots in Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Environmental Science and Policy 107, 1-6. [doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2020.02.010] [OPEN ACCESS]

Rietdijk, Evelien, Jos Timmermans, Jan Kwakkel and Pieter van der Zaag, 2019. Adaptive Development Pathways – a novel planning approach for vulnerable communities facing an uncertain future. DeltaLinks [July 2019]

Love, D., P. van der Zaag. S. Uhlenbrook and R. Owen, 2011. A water balance modelling approach to optimising the use of water resources in ephemeral sand rivers. River Research and Applications 27 (7), 908–925 [doi:10.1002/rra.1408]

Hwange waterhole, Zimbabwe (photo: Jochem van der Zaag)

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